• collective unconscious
• compensatory function
• confession
• education
• elucidation
• method of active imagination
• method of amplification
• personal unconscious
• transference
• transformation
Analytical psychotherapy is an approach to psychological treatment pioneered
by Carl Jung (1875-1961), a Swiss psychoanalyst. A follower of Sigmund
Freud (1856-1939), Jung was trained in the psychoanalytic approach,
with its emphasis on the dark, inaccessible material contained in the unconscious
mind. Freud was fond of Jung and believed that he was to be the heir
to the legacy Freud had begun. Jung began to disagree with certain aspects
of Freud’s theory, however, and he and Freud parted ways bitterly in 1914.
Jung’s concept of the structure of personality, on which he based his
ideas of psychotherapy, was obviously influenced by Freud and the psychoanalytic
tradition, but he added his own personal and mystical touches to its
concepts. Jung believed that the personality consists of the ego, which is
one’s conscious mind. It contains the thoughts, feelings, and perceptions of
which one is normally aware. Jung also proposed a personal unconscious
that contains events and emotions of which people remain unaware because
of their anxiety-provoking nature. Memories of traumatic childhood events
and conflicts may reside in the personal unconscious. Jung’s unique contribution
to personality theory is the idea of a collective unconscious. This
consists of memories and emotions that are shared by all humanity. Jung
believed that certain events and feelings are universal and exert a similar effect
on all individuals. An example would be his universal symbol of a
shadow, meaning the evil, primitive nature that resides within everyone.
Jung believed that although people are aware of the workings of the conscious
ego, it is the unavailable material contained in the personal uncon
scious and collective unconscious that has the greatest influence on one’s
behavior.
Jung’s analytical psychotherapy was a pioneering approach during the
very early era of psychological treatment. He conformed to the beliefs of
other psychodynamic therapists, such as Freud and Alfred Adler (1870-
1937), in the importance of discovering unconscious material. The psychoanalysts
would be followed by the behavioral school’s emphasis on environmental
events and the cognitive school’s focus on thoughts and perceptions.
Psychoanalysis brought a prominence to psychology it had not known previously.
scious and collective unconscious that has the greatest influence on one’s
behavior.
Jung’s analytical psychotherapy was a pioneering approach during the
very early era of psychological treatment. He conformed to the beliefs of
other psychodynamic therapists, such as Freud and Alfred Adler (1870-
1937), in the importance of discovering unconscious material. The psychoanalysts
would be followed by the behavioral school’s emphasis on environmental
events and the cognitive school’s focus on thoughts and perceptions.
Psychoanalysis brought a prominence to psychology it had not known previously.
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